Examining difference between paper- and web-based self-reported departure/arrival time using smartphone-based survey

Abstract In this study, we compare paper- and web-based self-reporting survey results with smartphone-based survey data. The focus is on the error in the departure or arrival times of the trips reported by the participants and it is measured by the time difference between smartphone-based and self-reporting survey results. Most of the results show that the time difference for the web-based survey is larger than that for the paper-based survey. We find that the burden of the paper-based survey may increase the time difference. The number of elapsed days taken to record impacts the time difference, particularly in the web-based survey. Furthermore, for a young long-time internet user, the paper-based survey results are less accurate.