A 440 – 540 GHz Transmitter in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS

This paper presents a 4-way combined frequency multiplier chain (FMC), which converts a single ended 110 – 135 GHz input signal to a differential 440 – 540 GHz output signal. The 4-way combined FMC uses four identical FMCs, which consist of two amplification and two frequency doubling stages. These blocks are designed with optimized parameters to be used as the transmitter of a gas spectroscopy system at 440 – 540 GHz. The 4-way combined FMC has 0.5 dBm measured maximum output power at 450 GHz and -4.5 dBm at 500 GHz.