Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in animals

Ciprofloxacin is absorbed primarily from the duodenum and jejunum when administered orally to monogastric animals. Bioavailability from parenteral injection sites is nearly 100 percent for all fluoroquinolones in most cases. Enrofloxacin (Congener of ciprofloxacin) penetrates into milk to attain approximately twice the maximum concentration of ciprofloxacin at similar plasma concentrations, although the elimination of enrofloxacin from mild is approximately twice as fast as that of ciprofloxacin. The article highlights the proper dose, route of administration, pharmacokinetic parameters of animals as well as recommended dosages of ciprofloxacin in animals.