Leadership in surgery

The study of the importance of leadership in politics and in the business world styles is a fact that has been consolidated especially from the second half of the 20th century. However, while it has been recognized for several decades the importance of forms of leadership in surgery, it is a littlestudied aspect. The current dominant paradigm in the study of the types of leadership is based on the concept of a spectrum between the transactional and transformational styles. At one end is the transactional leadership, characterized by a vision focused on the task, developing in an arena of agreement negotiation, i.e. achieve this task by assigning very specified the role of each member of the team and the reward after the achievement. It has been the predominant style for many years. At the other end of that spectrum is the transformational leadership, in which the leader focuses not only on the task but on transforming positively his team, i.e. a scheme focused on persons. This perception parts from cultivating the idea of a collective mission, stimulating intellectually his teammates, for example through the application of different points of view, and generating a stimulating, inspiring and respectful environment. Transformational leadership is aligned not only to achieve the objective or the needs of a team in terms of growth and development of skills, but creates the enabling environment for effective and efficient performance.