Design of 1-bit Programmable Holographic Metasurface for Monopulse Radar Applications

This paper presents the design of 1-bit programmable holographic metasurface (PHMS) concept for monopulse radar applications. A 1-bit programmable unit-cell with only one PIN diode, which can tune the surface impedance for high impedance or low impedance mode as the PIN diode flipped, is proposed. Holographic patterning technique is employed to realize the sum ( $\Sigma$ ) and difference ( $\Delta$ ) patterns based on the proposed PHMS. A 20×20 ( $5\lambda_{0}\times 5\lambda_{0}$ , where $\lambda_{0}$ is the wavelength at 10.0 GHz) PHMS is built and analyzed using a commercial full-wave simulator. The simulated results suggest that two-dimensional $\Sigma$ pattern scanning and one-dimensional $\Delta$ pattern scanning within ±40° are achieved, which can be applied for tracking radar enabled by monopulse technique.