Same Sibling Marrow following Cord Allogeneic Transplantation as Therapy for Second Relapse Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in a Pediatric Patient

Author(s): De Oliveira, Satiro N.; Kao, Roy L.; Pham, Andrew; Smith, LaMarr Taylor; Kempert, Pamela; Moore, Theodore B. | Abstract: BackgroundOptimal therapy for relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in pediatric patients is controversial. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an alternative, with event-free survival of 70–75%.ObservationsWe report a pediatric patient with APL who relapsed 28 months after cord blood transplantation from her sibling and then was treated with bone marrow transplantation from the same donor. Bone marrow was selected for higher cell dose, donor availability and partial donor chimerism. Persistent molecular remission was achieved, currently at 65 months post bone marrow transplantation.ConclusionsThis case suggests the potential role of graft-versus-leukemia activity in APL and illustrates the use of different cell sources from the same donor in allogeneic transplantation for pediatric patients.