Estudi taxonòmic i ecofisiològic dels membres de la família faucheaceae (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) de la Península Ibèrica i de les Illes Balears

catalaLobjectiu daquesta tesi doctoral ha estat estudiar a nivell taxonomic i ecofisiologic les especies de la familia Faucheaceae (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) presents a la peninsula Iberica i a les illes Balears: Fauchea repens (C. Agardh) Montagne i Bory in Montagne, Gloiocladia furcata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh i Gloiocladia microspora (Bornet ex Rodriguez y Femenias) Sanchez i Rodriguez-Prieto, comb. nov. Lestudi taxonomic es va realitzar a partir de mostres recollectades al llarg de la costa de la peninsula Iberica i de les illes Balears, amb la revisio dels exemplars conservats en els herbaris de diferents universitats espanyoles i dels exemplars tipus localitzats a lherbari de C. Agardh i al de J.J. Rodriguez y Femenias. Aixi doncs, amb aquest treball es van completar les dades ja existents quant a la morfologia, lestructura vegetativa i els tetrasporofits de les tres especies i es van aportar dades inedites pel que fa a les estructures reproductores masculines de Fauchea repens, les estructures reproductores femenines i estadis de postfertilitzacio de F. repens, G. furcata i G. microspora comb. nov. Parallelament es va detallar la corologia, lhabitat i la fenologia de les tres especies. De lestudi de F. repens i G. furcata, especies tipus dels seus generes i, en el cas de la primera tambe de la familia, es proposa una correccio de la descripcio original de la familia Faucheaceae I.M. Strachan, G.W. Saunders & Kraft, aixi com una nova combinacio Gloiocladia microspora comb. nov. per lespecie anomenada fins aquest estudi Fauchea microspora Bornet ex Rodriguez y Femenias. Saporta tambe una iconografia original de dibuixos i fotografies, i una clau de determinacio dels taxons estudiats. Quant a lestudi ecofisiologic, es van realitzar una serie dexperiments de laboratori per tal de determinar els requeriments de llum, temperatura i fotoperiode per el creixement i supervivencia de les tres especies. Aixi doncs, es van aportar dades inedites pel que fa al cultiu in vitro de Fauchea repens, Gloiocladia furcata i Gloiocladia microspora comb. nov., que ens van permetre explicar la distribucio batimetrica i geografica de les tres especies. EnglishThe objective of this work was to study at taxonomic and ecophysiological level, the species of the family Faucheaceae (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta) inhabiting in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands: Fauchea repens (C. Agardh) Montagne & Bory in Montagne, Gloiocladia furcata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh and Gloiocladia microspora (Bornet ex Rodriguez y Femenias) Sanchez & Rodriguez-Prieto, comb. nov. The taxonomic study was performed with fresh material collected from the coast of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, along with a reinvestigation of the herbarium material from several Spanish universities and the original material housed in the C. Agardh Herbarium and in the J.J. Rodriguez y Femenias Herbarium. With this work we completed the data relating to morphological, vegetative and tetrasporophytic characters of the three species and we reported new data relating to the male reproductive structures of Fauchea repens, and to the female reproductive structures and postfertlitzation processes of F. repens, G. furcata and G. microspora comb. nov. Moreover, we give the distribution, habitat and fenology for the three species. Due to the study of F. repens and G. furcata, the type species of their genera and in the matter of F. repens the type of the family; we emend the original defining characteristics of the family Faucheceae I.M. Strachan, G.W. Saunders & Kraft. In addition, we propose a new combination, Gloiocladia microspora comb. nov. for the species currently known as Fauchea microspora Bornet ex Rodriguez y Femenias. All the data are complemented with original draws and photographs, and a taxonomic key for the studied taxa. For the ecophysiological study we performed several experiments of culture in vitro, to determine the light, temperature and photoperiodic respond for development and survival of the three species. Finally, we reported new data for Fauchea repens, Gloiocladia furcata and Gloiocladia microspora comb. nov. in culture, and consequently we have been able to explain the depth and geographical distribution of the three species.