Impact of SARS CoV2 on newborns weight from infected mothers

Introduction: During the present Sars cov-2 pandemic, pregnant women are considered high-risk group population due to a state of immune compromise. Previous knowledge regarding pregnant women and their newborns is rapidly changing as new covid discoveries are unraveled, paying special attention on newborns evolution during their first days of life. Objectives: To determine impact of Sars Cov2 infection on the expected birth weight of newborns of infected mothers. Methods: It is a descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study involving the analysis of clinical records of patients from the infectiology service of the Hospital Espanol Mexico. The study includes newborns from mothers between the ages of 18 to 48 infected with Sars Cov2, confirmed by a PCR test. The study excludes patients with incomplete records. We evaluated the frequency and proportion of the qualitative variables;we obtained the arithmetic mean and the standard deviation for the quantitative variables with normal distribution. Results: Data included 36 patients from the infectology service between the months of March 2020 to April 2021, with positive PCR for sars cov 2, with a mean age of 34.28 ± 5.86 years, mainly presented the following comorbidities: : obesity in 27.8%, hypothyroidism 11.1%, diabetes 13.9%, gestational hypertension 13.9%. The principal symptoms presented by the mothers were respiratory in 19.4%, gastrointestinal 13.9%, asymptomatic presentation 47.2%. Newborns results were obtained with a mean gestational age of 37.3 ± 2.6, with a male predominance of 52.8%, with a mean birth weight of 2811.1 ± 616.7, height 47.64 ± 3.7. About 16.4% of the patients were premature, only 4 were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, due to sepsis, pediatric inflamatory multisystemic syndrome, and an intrauterine growth restriction. All the newborns had a negative PCR test despite the positive PCR of all the mothers Conclusion: Newborns from mothers infected with Sars cov 2, were born with appropriate weight for their gestational age. The immune system of newborn babies protects to have adequate nutrition during the gestational period, however, some presented inflammatory and vascular complications. Special emphasis should be done on maternal metabolic clinical history, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and hypothyroidism since these comorbidities can impact negatively in the prognosis of the infected mother and the newborn. It is very important to perform a nutritional screening during prenatal care for an adequate metabolic programming in early life in children.