Pediatric Renal Tumors

Treatment of pediatric renal malignancies has seen dramatic advances in recent years. Modifications to surgical approach and the tailoring of chemoradiation protocols have led to increased survival, and now attention is focused on mitigating long-term effects of cancer-related treatment. Wilms tumor comprises the largest subset of pediatric renal tumors and as such will be the major focus of this chapter. The genetics and treatment of Wilms tumor will be reviewed in detail. Additionally, more infrequently encountered pediatric renal malignancies will also be explored.