Pollution Abatement by Using Transition Metal Oxides

Dyes and its derivatives contribute significantly to environmental hazards due to their toxicity as well as improper disposal methods. Cavitation can be used for the degradation of dyes(1)(2). A main finding of the work and generally accepted fact is that cavitation alone cannot be an economical technique for water pollution abatement. The present work throws light on the different ways in which the cavitation phenomenon can be intensified by using additives and/or combining cavitation with other oxidation processes. Hybrid methods like ultrasound+ (NiO/Pd, Pd/C, Pd + NiO/C), Hydrogen peroxide etc., on the degradation of Congo red has been discussed and compared. Some guidelines for the future work required to facilitate the optimization of the processes have also been proposed. Keywords- Sonochemistry, Cavitation, Hybrid methods, Congo-red, Waste-Water Treatment etc.