Biogeographical consequences of natural and anthropogenic climate changes

Consequences of “rapid” climate changes (comparable to the characteristic time with the changes of biota, ecosystems, and their successions) are discussed in the context of the revelation of a new phenomenology in biogeography. The influence of climatic changes on biogeographic boundaries, the status of biogeographic borders, and possibilities of the new biogeographic regionalization of Russia is considered. The role of biogenic, pedolithospheric, and pedospheric carbon cycles as the basis of climate cyclicity and the environmental role of the biota is evaluated. Examples are given of climatogenic trends and cycles of the biota affecting the modern biogeographical situation in northern Eurasia: the resettlement of species, changes of seasonal migration routes, changes in successional systems, climatogenic changes of the areas and biogeographical status of species, activation of invasive alien species, etc. The possibilities of using the principles of island biogeography in analysis of the current dynamics of biodiversity in conditions of climate changes are revealed. Finally, questions of registering changes in climate and their biogeographic implications in the practice of biodiversity conservation are considered.