A Study of Seven Patients with Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) in Eastern Taiwan: A Case Series with Literature Review.

Purpose CADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy) is the most common cause of heritable vascular dementia. Recognizing the disease before the full-blown clinical features is challenging, so our case series high light clinical characteristics, screening tools and diagnostic process of the patients with CADASIL. Case report Our case series reports neurocognitive features, neuroimaging, and exemplary pedigrees of seven patients with genetically confirmed CADASIL, in which six patients presented with dementia and the other one presented with migraine. Conclusion Our report is the single-center experience of our hospital in eastern Taiwan, where access to medical care and genetic test is relatively limited compared to other parts of Taiwan. We had also compared the utility of Davous' CADASIL criteria and the CADASIL scale, and both can be used as sensitive screening tools before genetic tests, especially in the area with limited medical access.