Multilocus-sequence typing analysis reveals similar populations of Streptococcus uberis are responsible for bovine intramammary infections of short and long duration.

Abstract Multilocus-sequence typing (MLST) was used to analyse Streptococcus uberis isolates from a single herd associated with long duration (50–260 days) and rapidly cleared (less than 1 month) bovine intramammary infections to determine whether the bacterial type had any impact on the duration of infection. Most chronic infections (24 of 33) were due to continuous infection of the mammary quarter with the same sequence type, and infections were found to persist for many months. The remaining quarters were re-infected with a different sequence type within a single lactation. No particular sequence type or clonal complex (lineage) was associated with persisting infections, indicating that the outcome of intramammary infections with S. uberis is more likely to be dependent on host factors than on inter-strain differences. Analysis of these strains alongside others obtained from the same herd at a later date revealed the shift in the predominant genotypes with time.