Значение цитокинов в патогенезе атопического дерматита

The atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. The wide disease prevalence, increase in a number of the severe forms determine its high medical and social importance. The development of the dermatic inflammatory process in the patients is caused by the complex interaction of the genetic mechanisms, environmental factors, infectious agents, defects of the skin barrier and immunologic mechanisms. The various populations of the immunocompetent cells takes participation in the atopic dermatitis immunopathogenesis: Th1, Th2, Th9, Тh17, Th22, regulatory T-cells and cytokines secreted by them. This review states the data on the participation of a number of cytokines in the development of the immunopathological process in the presence of the atopic dermatitis. The revealing of the particularities of the disease pathogenesis based on the cytokine profile assessment and determination of the clinical course severity markers are the most relevant line of the clinical allergology and immunology for determination not only the disease prognosis but for the therapeutic targets in future as well.