Ayahuasca: From Ethnobotany to Pharmacology

Several studies have reported the ethnobotany chara cteristics and pharmacological properties of ayahuasca , beverage prepared from decoction of two Amazon forest native species, the vine Banisteriopsis caapi and the bush Psychotria viridis . This beverage, in which its use date from pre-Columbian period, has been employed in religious cults by many south-American populations situated in the Brazilian Amazon and in the region comprised between Panama and Peru. Considered the keystone of Amazon medicine, its composition presents a series of psychoactive substances capable to generate visionary experiences in healer s, shamans and followers. In this review, it will be addressed the main aspects relat ed to aims and ways of using ayahuasca , its chemical compounds and action mechanisms. Besides, it will be briefly discussed the regulatory aspects involved in its us e and the approach that this beverage have been taken by international scientifi c community during the last years.