Utilization and Protection of Water Resources in the Inland River Basins of the Arid Regions in China

Water is invaluable,irreplaceable natural resources.It is also the basic condition of the life,surviving and production in oases.In order to maintain the oasis' stabilization and to realize the sustainable development,it is necessary to strengthen the protecting,rationally developing and utilizing the available water resources.According to the characteristics of the physical geography conditions and the formation of water resources,and their distribution and transformation in the arid inland river basins,a basin can be divided into two parts: runoff formation part and runoff dissipation part. In the former,which is distributed over the mountainous area,more than 90% runoff is form.Of the runoff formation part the white "Solid Reservoir" from the high-mountain glacier-snow and the green "Plant Reservoir" from the mid-mountain forest belt should be protected earnestly,owing to their important function for stabilizing and adjusting the water sources;The latter,which is located in the plain areas before mountains,is centralized in artificial and natural oases,the regions of strongly developing and utilizing water resources and human activity.So in this part,it is very important to control the water consumption,water pollution and to exploit rationally the groundwater in order to protect the water resources.The correlative departments and institutes should research and establish a mechanism of ecological compensation as soon as possible,definitude the benefit relationship among the Water Right,Existent Right and Development Right in order to grant the ecologically vulnerable areas more surviving and developing chances and spaces,and to constitute the strict laws and statutes about the regional water resources protection to avoid the tragedy of developing economy in the ecologically vulnerable areas depending on destroying the eco-environment.