Enhanced removal from the plasma of LDL-like nanoemulsion cholesteryl ester in trained men compared with sedentary healthy men

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on plasma removal of a cholesterol-rich nanoemulsion (LDE) that mimics low-density lipoprotein (LDL) lipid structure and binds to LDL receptors. LDE-derived cholesteryl ester plasma kinetics was studied in 24 exercise-trained and 20 sedentary male subjects. LDE labeled with [14C]cholesteryl ester was injected intravenously, and plasma samples were collected over a 24-h period to determine radioisotope decay curves. LDL cholesterol concentration was similar in both groups. Fractional clearance rate (FCR) of the nanoemulsion label was greater in the exercise-trained group compared with the sedentary group (0.138 ± 0.152 and 0.0261 ± 0.023 h−1, respectively). A positive correlation was found (r = 0.60, P < 0.01) between FCR and peak O2 consumption in trained subjects. Circulating oxidized LDL levels were lower in trained subjects compared with the sedentary group (9.0 ± 2.0 and 16.0 ± 3.0 mU/l). LDE was also injected into control an...