Treatment Algorithm for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful, debilitating, and disabling condition that can be categorized into three diagnostic subtypes, based on the clinical presentation. Diagnosing this condition remains a challenge, but has been aided by improvements in diagnostic criteria and availability of different investigation modalities. Surgery and fractures are common inciting events, although the underlying mechanisms by which these trigger and propagate CRPS are unclear. Various treatments have been implicated but the lack of good quality evidence available is an issue. Current recommendations advocate for conservative measures involving physiotherapy and pharmacological pain relief as first-line treatment. As our understanding continues to grow, so too will our ability to prevent, diagnose, and treat this condition. Given the complex nature of CRPS, it is likely that a combination of different treatment modalities will be required to successfully manage this condition.