Calcified coronary artery disease and serum markers

: Severity of coronary artery calcification is closely related to atherosclerotic plaque burden and cardiac event rate. Recent data have suggested that vascular calcification is an actively regulated process similar to the bone formation, and that bone-related factors may be involved in the development of vascular calcification. Non-invasive prediction of calcified coronary artery disease is important using serum bone-related markers. Among them, we focus on matrix Gla protein, osteoprotegerin and fetuin-A as such candidates in this review.