SECOND WORKSHOP REPORTS

MR. FELDT DISCUSSES METHODS OF RESOLVING CONFLICTS IN URBAN SITUATIONS. SIX METHODS OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION WITHIN THE URBAN PROCESS ARE DISCUSSED: (1) THE POLITICAL PROCESS OR REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT, (2) THE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY WHICH IS A STRATEGY OF ATTACK IN RESOLVING CONFLICTS THAT APPEALS TO THE SHORT-RUN SELF-INTEREST OF PARTICIPANTS AND ANTAGONISTS IN THE ISSUE, (3) THE QUESTION OF BETTER COMMUNICATION AND EDUCATION, (4) THE INVOLVEMENT OF POTENTIAL OR ACTIVE DISSIDENTS IN THE PLANNING AND POLICY-MAKING, (5) A SERIES OF TRADE-OFFS WHICH IS THE ATTEMPT TO MINIMIZE OR AMELIORATE THE IMPACT OF THE HIGHWAY, AND (6) AN ATTEMPT TO TIE A HIGHWAY PROPOSAL OR ANY MAJOR PUBLIC WORKS DEVELOPMENT TO SOME SIGNIFICANT PROJECT THAT YIELDS SECONDARY BENEFITS TO THE IMMEDIATE OR THE GENERAL COMMUNITY INVOLVED. THREE AREAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE RESOLUTION OF VALUE CONFLICTS IN WHICH THE PLANNER CAN BE HELPFUL ARE DISCUSSED: (1) THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENVIRONMENT FOR ENCOURAGING THE FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION BETWEEN INTERESTED PARTIES, (2) THE REDUCTION OF VALUE CONFLICTS THROUGH BETTER AND MORE SENSITIVE PROJECT AND SYSTEM DESIGN, AND (3) THE PROVISION OF COMPREHENSIVE AND QUANTITATIVE INFORMATION TO DECISION-MAKERS DESCRIBING THE NATURE OF EXPECTED IMPACTS OF THOSE FACILITIES, AS WELL AS THE INCIDENCE OF THOSE IMPACTS. RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THESE CONFLICTS ARE DISCUSSED BY MR. SCHOFER. THE MEASUREMENT OF INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY VALUES IN TRANSPORTATION STUDIES ARE DISCUSSED BY MR. BREUNING. AN EVALUATION SHOULD BE USED AS A MEANS FOR INFORMING THE COMMUNITY ABOUT THE PLANNED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND ITS CONSEQUENCES AND FOR OBTAINING AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE COMMUNITY REACTION TO THE PLANNING PROCESS. WEAKNESSES IN THE HIGHWAY PLANNING PROCESS ARE DISCUSSED BY MR. JACOBS. AGREEMENT IS MADE OF THE FOLLOWING WEAKNESSES: (1) LAND USE PROJECTIONS ARE EXTREMELY WEAK, (2) THERE IS A BUILT-IN HIGHWAY BIAS IN THE PRESENT PROCESS, AND (3) THE PROCESS GOES ON ALMOST TO CONCLUSION BEFORE THERE IS ANY ATTENTION BY THE POLITICAL DECISION-MAKERS, THE ELECTED OFFICIALS AT THE CITY LEVEL OR RESIDENTS AT THE LOCAL LEVELS. MR. RUBIN SUMMARIZES THE MEANS OF IMPROVING THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS: (1) LAND USE PLANNING, (2) COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING, (3) 204 REVIEW PROCESS, (4) METROPOLITAN DECISION- MAKING, (5) COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT AND PARTICIPATION, (6) ADVOCACY AND INFORMATION AVAILABILITY, (7) PUBLIC HEARINGS, AND (8) JOINT DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS. MR. SHIATTE DISCUSSES THE ENGINEERING MEANS FOR REDUCING THE IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES ON THE URBAN COMMUNITY. IT IS EMPHASIZED THAT THE STARTING POINT OF PROJECT DEVELOPMENT SHOULD BE A RECONNAISSANCE OR FACT-FINDING TOUR OF THE AREA. AFTER RECONNAISSANCE, THE LANDSCAPE DESIGN THAT SHOULD BE EMPLOYED IS EVALUATED. MR. ROBERTS EMPHASIZES THAT NATIONAL, STATE, AND LOCAL LAND SETTLEMENT POLICIES CAN BE BROUGHT TO BEAR ON THE METROPOLITAN LEVEL. WAYS TO ENSURE THE DISSEMINATION OF PUBLIC INFORMATION AND POLICIES AND DECISIONS MUST BE FOUND.