Octreotide acetate combined with somatostatin upregulates miR-1291 and downregulates miR-331-3p in patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the efficacy of octreotide acetate combined with somatostatin (OA + SS) for the treatment of patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Methods: A total of 118 patients with cirrhosis and UGIB in our hospital were enrolled from June 2018 to September 2019. Fifty-seven were treated with OA alone (Group A) whereas 61 were treated with OA + SS (Group B). Results: The therapeutic effects, inflammatory cytokines, liver function indices, and relative expression levels of miR-1291 and miR-331-3p were then observed. Compared with the patients in Group A, those in Group B had lower post-treatment inflammatory cytokine levels (P < 0.05), better post-treatment liver function indices (P < 0.05), lower incidences of adverse reactions (P < 0.05), and a higher total effective rate (P < 0.05). The OA + SS treatment group had upregulated miR-1291 and downregulated miR-331-3p (P < 0.05). Conclusion: OA + SS therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of patients with cirrhosis and UGIB.