Ceramic transactions: Functionally gradient materials. Volume 34

A functionally gradient material (FGM) is a composite that smoothly transitions from one material at one surface to another material at the opposite surface. Metals and ceramics are usually the materials that are combined in a controlled manner to optimize a specific property. The First International Symposium on Functionally Gradient Materials was held in Sendai, Japan, in August 1990. Contained in the present volume are the Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Functionally Gradient Materials, presented at the Third International Ceramic Science and Technology Congress, held in San Francisco, CA, November 1-4, 1992. The papers presented here are divided into eight sections: the concept of FGM; mathematical modeling; methods of fabrication; material evaluation; applications; joining processes in FGM; process characterization; and design considerations. Separate abstracts are provided for each of the 54 papers.