Repercusiones forenses de los trastornos disruptivos, del control de los impulsos y de la conducta

2016 
espanolEl presente articulo analiza la relacion entre los trastornos disruptivos, del control de los impulsos y de la conducta (atendiendo a la nomenclatura diagnostica vigente, DSM-5) y el abordaje psicojuridico de los mismos. Se exponen las principales caracteristicas diagnosticas, datos epidemiologicos y etiologicos, y posibilidades de evaluacion y tratamiento de los trastornos. Posteriormente, se analizan sus repercusiones forenses mediante el analisis de literatura especializada y del contenido de sentencias dictadas por los tribunales espanoles. Dentro de la Jurisdiccion Penal, se obtuvo un mayor numero de sentencias de sujetos victimarios, y los delitos principalmente violentos, contra las personas y transgresion de las normas sociales. Generalmente se considero a estos individuos imputables, sin afectacion de sus capacidades cognitivas o volitivas. Solo se ha contemplado inimputabilidad en sujetos diagnosticados de cleptomania. En la Jurisdiccion Civil, las sentencias pertenecen principalmente al Derecho de Familia y una minima parte a Incapacitaciones. Estas ultimas, generalmente se han resuelto en incapacidad parcial. En la Jurisdiccion Social, los sujetos presentan comorbilidad con otras patologias y han sido resueltas mayormente como incapacitacion permanente total y gran invalidez. EnglishThis article analyzes the relationship between Disruptive, Impulse-Control and Conduct Disorders, and Forensic Psychology. The diagnostic characteristics, epidemiological and etiological data, and also assessment and treatment possibilities are reviewed. Subsequently, the legal and forensic consequences are analyzed by means of the analysis of the specialized literature and of the content of the sentences handed down by Spanish courts. Attending to Penal Jurisdiction, a higher number of sentences was obtained when subjects with the actual disorder were the victimizer committing mainly violent offences. In almost all cases the judges consider their imputability to do not be diminished. Only in Kleptomania diagnosis, the judges have considered the imputability to be totally diminished. In the Civil Jurisdiction, most of the sentences attended to family law and a small portion of them attended to incapacitations (total incapacitation above all). Finally, attending to the Social Jurisdiction, in all the sentences the subjects presented comorbidity with other pathologies and most of them have been considered as total permanent disability.
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