Towards dependable and trustworthy outsourced computing: A comprehensive survey and tutorial

Abstract Cloud computing provides the clients with diversified services in a flexible manner. Recently, the cloud platforms have been the basic underling-support for The IoT and mobile computing. The client outsources data storage or computation overhead to the cloud, which accordingly yields a new computing paradigm – the outsourced computing. In such a scenario, the clients hope to acquire the service quality, and wish to not leak their sensitive data to the cloud service provider. Thus, the trustworthy (verifiability) and privacy has been a hot issue for outsourced computing. In this survey, we systematically present the cryptographic methods for ensuring verifiability and privacy. We first describe the research advancement in verifiable computing and the cryptographic primitives for privacy-preserving techniques; and then, taking outsourcing cryptographic operations as an example, to show how them primitives can be integrated to achieve a dependable and privacy-preserving outsourced computing scheme. This paper bridges the gap between the theoretical cryptographic research and engineering secure cloud computing systems.