Dysregulation of miRNAs in bladder cancer: altered expression with aberrant biogenesis procedure

// Fan Dong 1 , Tianyuan Xu 2 , Yifan Shen 1 , Shan Zhong 1 , Shanwen Chen 1 , Qiang Ding 1 and Zhoujun Shen 1 1 Department of Urology, Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 2 Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China Correspondence to: Zhoujun Shen, email: // Keywords : microRNA, bladder cancer, expression profile, biogenesis procedure Received : October 19, 2016 Accepted : January 24, 2017 Published : February 07, 2017 Abstract Aberrant expression profiles of miRNAs are widely observed in the clinical tissue specimens and urine samples as well as the blood samples of bladder cancer patients. These profiles are closely related to the pathological features of bladder cancer, such as the tumour stage/grade, metastasis, recurrence and chemo-sensitivity. MiRNA biogenesis forms the basis of miRNA expression and function, and its dysregulation has been shown to be essential for variations in miRNA expression profiles as well as tumourigenesis and cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date and widely reported miRNAs in bladder cancer that display significantly altered expression. We then compare the miRNA expression profiles among three different sample types (tissue, urine and blood) from patients with bladder cancer. Moreover, for the first time, we outline the dysregulated miRNA biogenesis network in bladder cancer from different levels and analyse its possible relationship with aberrant miRNA expression and the pathological characteristics of the disease.