Geographic Variation in Pheromone Chemistry, Antennal Electrophysiology, and Pheromone-Mediated Trap Catch of North American Populations of the Obliquebanded Leafroller

The total and relative amounts of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:Ac), (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:Ac), (Z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol (Z11-14:OH) and (Z)-11-tetradecenal (Z11-14:Al), and the EAG response of male antennae to these pheromone gland compounds were compared in laboratory reared Choristoneura rosaceana Harris (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from British Columbia, Michigan, Ontario, New York, and Quebec. A field trapping experiment was conducted in each of these locations to determine the effect of Z11-14:Al on the numbers of moths captured. The amount of each of the four pheromone-gland compounds declined successively in moths from British Columbia, Quebec, Ontario, Michigan, and New York. The relative amount of Z11-14:Ac was greatest in moths from New York and smallest in moths from Ontario, whereas the relative amount of E11-14:Ac was greatest in moths from Ontario and smallest in moths from British Columbia. Moths from Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, Michigan, and New York contained decreasing relative amounts of Z11-14:OH and Z11-14:Al. There was a trend of increasing antennal sensitivity to each of the four pheromone-gland compounds in moths from New York, Michigan, Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia. The addition of 1% Z11:Al to a three compound blend of Z11-14:Ac, E11-14:Ac and Z11-14:OH (97:2:1) resulted in a >twofold increase in average trap catch in British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec; this compound had no effect on trap catch in Michigan or New York.