Modified Layered Double Hydroxide for Degradation of Dyes

Dyes are extensively used in textiles, paper, plastic, cosmetics, leather and other industries. Textile industries are producing pollutants of environmental concern by discharging huge wastewater. World Bank declared that nearly 17–20% of water pollution is coming from the dyeing process to colour the fabric. These dyes have various adverse effects. Abatement of dyes via degradation is preferable over other several reported techniques. Recently, adsorptive degradation of pollutants has been investigated, and materials with dual characteristics are emerging in literature. Among them, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are a group of nanosized materials containing both trivalent and divalent cationic layers along with interlayer anions. Various pollutants are used as model compounds to evaluate the catalytic behaviour of the modified LDHs. We run through the performance of modified LDH as the catalyst for the degradation of diverse dyes and their mechanism. They mostly serve as photocatalyst, and their band gap energy favours the visible spectrum of light as an optical energy source. Modified LDHs show improved efficiency than other catalysts. They show high percentage degradation efficiency (DE %) up to 70–90% and are reusable up to 3–5 runs.