Mineralization of bioactive marine sponge and electrophoretic deposition on Ti-6Al-4V implant for osteointegration

Abstract Surgical grade Ti-6Al-4V is considered to be the most attractive material in the medical field, but their low bioactivity, post-surgery infection, and poor osteointegration are a major drawback. Bioactive coating of the titanium alloy implant, increases the cell proliferation, biocorrosion, bioactivity, roughness with excellent antibacterial nature. In the present study, multi-minerals modified calcium silicate prepared by controlled substitution of Sr, Zn, Mg, Ce into calcium silicate. Additionally, a synergistic combination of the Hyatella cribriformis marine sponge, and mineral-calcium silicate electrolyte used for electrophoretic deposition on Ti-6Al-4V. Ceramic nanocomposite coating forms a homogenous layer with a higher distribution of mineral-sponge on the surface. Electron microscopy studies report-good structural stability of nanocomposites coating on the substrate surface due to functionalization and cross-linking. Coating form lower corrosion current density of 4.7× 10−7 A/cm−2 for sponge-mineral-CaSiO3 coating. Subsequently, the biological performances of the assemblies show drastic improvement in apatite formation in 15 days. The coating was biocompatible, and it displays a high cell proliferation rate at 10 μg/mL concentration. Coated hybrid surface enhances the osteoinductivity, mineralization of the extracellular matrix and filopodia formation. Improved antibacterial multifunctionality of sponge-ceramic coating exhibited the zone of inhibition of 16 mm, 13 mm for S. aureus, and E. coli at 50 μg/mL concentration. Therefore, the electrophoretic deposition of the sponge-Sr-Zn-Mg-Ce minerals incorporated calcium silicates coating, would successfully enhance the bone regeneration.