Conversion of production facilities in developing countries to non ozone depleting substances : Advantages of natural refrigerants

UNIDO is involved in many conversion projects started in developing countries. The Montreal Protocol Fund has financed these projects. The number of countries involved and the total number of projects to be carried out is growing steadily. Because the funds available stay the same, the funds granted for each individual project are decreasing continuously. The highest number of projects refers to the application of HFC-134a instead of CFC-12. If we consider the thorough technology needed to be applied in case of using HFC-134a there are real doubts that the manufacture including servicing of these products in hot and humid countries will be managed to guarantee a high product quality and reliability.Results of theoretical considerations concerning different conversion projects and needs regarding cleanliness and dryness within the refrigeration cycle are discussed with respect to selected natural refrigerants especially hydrocarbons and ammonia compared with HFC-134a and other HFC substitutes.