Diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification in Febrile Patient Samples from Loreto, Perú.

Plasmodium vivax is co-endemic with Plasmodium falciparum in Peru, and optimum management requires distinguishing these two species in the blood of patients. For the differential identification of P. vivax and other Plasmodium spp., the LoopampTM Malaria Pan Detection Kit in combination with the Loopamp Malaria Pv Detection Kit (Eiken Chemical Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was used to evaluate 559 whole blood samples collected in 2017 from febrile patients with suspected malaria attending different health facilities in the Loreto region. The Loopamp Malaria Pan Detection Kit showed a sensitivity of 87.7% (95% CI: 83.5-91.9) and a specificity of 94.4% (95% CI: 91.9-96.9) and good agreement with PCR (Cohen's kappa 0.8266, 95% CI: 0.7792-0.874). By comparison, the Loopamp Malaria Pv Detection Kit showed a similar sensitivity (84.4%, 95% CI: 79.0-89.7) and specificity (92.4%, 95% CI: 89.7-95.0) and substantial agreement with PCR (Cohen's kappa: 0.7661, 95% CI: 0.7088-0.8234).