Analysis of the morphology, structure and optical properties of SiO2 nanowires obtained by the electrospinning method

Abstract The rapid progress that has been made in the field of nanotechnology, particularly in the last sixteen years, has made it possible to develop new technologies for preparing nanoscale objects, including composite, polymeric and ceramic one-dimension nanomaterials with small diameters of just several nanometers. Materials in the form of nanofibers, nanowires or nanorods are characterized by a considerable length and a small cross-section whose diameter may be approximately 100 times smaller than their length. The most effective technology of production of 1D nanomaterials is producing fibres in the electrostatic field, which does not require complicated procedures and expensive equipment. This type of process allows to produce polymer and composite nanostructures on an industrial scale relatively easily and quickly. The electrospun 1D nanostructures were studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) to analyses the influence of used temperature on the morphology and structures obtained ceramic nanomaterials. In order to examine the chemical structure of nanowires, the energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) was used.. Optical property analysis was performed on the basis of UV-Vis spectra of absorbance as a function of wavelength