Perinatal Outcome in Hypertensive Disorder of Pregnancy - A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy known to jeopardize safe pregnancy thereby increasing the maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. A retrospective observational study of nine months duration was conducted to determine the fetal and early neonatal outcome in pregnancies complicated with HDP in a tertiary care hospital. Result: 163 women with HDP delivered during the study period. Out of total 163 births, perinatal deaths occurred in 18 (11.04%) cases, of which 10 (6.13%) were stillbirth and 8 (5.23%) were early neonatal death thus making a perinatal mortality rate of 110 per 1000 births. Low birth weight and preterm delivery occurred in 71 (43.56%) & 42 (25.77%) respectively. Amongst the 53 (32.52%) neonates who required admission to the NICU, 37 (69.8%) neonates had respiratory distress including 23 (43.4%) neonates’ requiring ventilatory support. Occurrences of adverse perinatal outcomes were significantly higher in eclampsia & preeclampsia as compared to gestational HTN except for metabolic abnormalities. Conclusion: There is a significant burden of perinatal mortality and morbidity more so with pre-eclampsia & eclampsia. The findings of this study can represent an evidence for healthcare providers and policy makers in devising more appropriate interventions for in utero transfer of women with HDP so as to improve perinatal outcomes.