Site-directed mutagenesis in bread and durum wheat via pollination by cas9/guide RNA-transgenic maize used as haploidy inducer.

: Site-directed mutagenesis facilitates the experimental validation of gene function and can speed up plant breeding by producing new genetic variability or by reproducing previously known gene variants in other than their original genetic backgrounds. However, its application is challenging in wheat owing to high genomic redundancy and highly genotype-dependent DNA transfer methods (Koeppel et al., 2019). In wheat, large chromosomal regions are hardly amenable to meiotic recombination, which limits the potential for trait improvements.