Human exposure to 2,4‐d following controlled activities on recently sprayed turf

Abstract Total body dose of 2,4‐D was determined in 10 volunteers following exposure to sprayed turf 1 hour following application and in 10 volunteers exposed 24 hours following application. Each group of 10 volunteers was divided in half and five wore long pants, a short‐sleeved shirt, socks and closed footwear. The other five wore shorts and a short‐sleeved shirt and were barefoot. All volunteers were exposed to a 2 by 15 m area of turf for 1 hour during which they alternated between walking and sitting or lying on the turf surface for intervals of 5 minutes. Dislodgeable residues of 2,4‐D taken during the exposure sessions showed a rapid decline from 1 hour following application (8%) to 24 hours following application (1%). No detectable residues were found in 4‐day urine samples supplied by volunteers except for 3 people who were barefoot and wearing shorts and contacted the turf 1 hour following 2,4‐D application. The highest dose was measured in a volunteer who removed his shirt for 30 minutes of the...