Caracterización de la mortalidad por infarto cerebral reciente en diabéticos

Introduccion: la enfermedad cerebrovascular es la tercera causa de muerte en Cuba. La relacion epidemiologica entre la diabetes y la enfermedad cerebrovascular tienen un notable interes clinico debido a la elevada prevalencia poblacional de ambos procesos. Objetivo: caracterizar clinica y anatomopatologicamente a pacientes diabeticos fallecidos con diagnostico de infarto cerebral reciente, a quienes se les realizo la autopsia entre el 2004 y 2010. Metodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal, en 77 pacientes diabeticos fallecidos en el Hospital Militar Central "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay". Los datos fueron introducidos y procesados en el paquete estadistico SPSS version 11.5 para Windows. Resultados : predomino el sexo masculino; el rango de edad en que mas fallecidos hubo fue entre 75 y 84 anos para ambos sexos. Las principales manifestaciones clinicas observadas fueron el deficit motor, los trastornos del estado de conciencia y las crisis epilepticas. La principal causa directa de muerte resulto el edema cerebral. Predominaron los fallecidos con niveles elevados de glucemia, en los primeros 14 dias; resulto estadisticamente significativa la asociacion de la transformacion hemorragica con cifras elevadas de glucemia. Conclusion: la presencia de glucemia alta incidio en una mayor mortalidad, durante las primeras dos semanas y en la aparicion de la transformacion hemorragica del infarto cerebral.(AU) Introduction: the cerebrovascular disease is the thirst cause of death in Cuba. The epidemiological link between diabetes and cerebrovascular disease has a significant clinical interest due to the high population prevalence of both processes. Objective: to characterize clinically and pathologically deceased diabetic patients who were diagnosed with cerebral infarction and their autopsy was conducted from 2004 to 2010. Methods: transversal descriptive study in 77 diabetic patients who had died with recent cerebral infarct at "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay" Central Military Hospital. Data was introduced and processed in the statistic packet SPSS 11.5. Results: the male sex was predominant. The age range predominant was 75 to 84 years for both sexes. The main clinical manifestations observed were mobility deficits, disorders of consciousness, and seizures. The main direct cause of death was cerebral edema. Deceased with high levels of glucose in the first 14 days were in the majority; the association of hemorrhagic transformation with high blood glucose levels was statistically significant. Conclusion: the presence of high leves of glucose impacted in a bigger mortality, during the first two weeks and in the appearance of hemorrhagic transformation of cerebral infarction.(AU)