État de Santé Bucco -dentaire des Patients Hospitalisés dans les Services de L’hôpital National de Niamey: État bucco-dentaire des patients hospitalisés à Niamey

RESUME Introduction. L’objectif de cette etude etait de contribuer a l’etude epidemiologique et clinique de l’etat bucco-dentaire de la population nigerienne. Patients et methode. Nous avons mene une etude descriptive prospective sur 4 mois (11 Novembre 2016 - 10 Mars 2017) visant a analyser l’etat de sante bucco-dentaire des patients hospitalises a l’Hopital National de Niamey (HNN). Nous avons inclus tout patient hospitalise dans les services preselectionnes de l’HNN ayant consenti a l’etude. N’ont pas fait partie de l’etude tous les patients grabataires et les non consentants. Le sexe, l’âge, les signes cliniques etaient les parametres etudies. Resultats. Au cours de cette etude, 319 patients ont ete colliges dans les differents services de l’HNN. Dans cette etude 181 patients etaient des hommes (56,70%) et 138 femmes (43,30%), soit un sex-ratio H/F de 1,31. La tranche d’âge de 16 ans a 29 ans etait la plus representee (36,99%). L’âge moyen des patients etait de 27,3 ans avec des extremes de 2 ans et de 70 ans. 223 patients soit 69,9% ont presente des plaques dentaires, 49 patients soit 15,1% developpaient une gingivite. 201patients (63,6%) avaient des lesions carieuses. 66 patients (20,68%) avaient au moins une dent absente pour cause de carie dentaire. 52 patients (15,72%) avaient des dents obturees. Cette etude a permis de denombrer 578 dents cariees, 154 dents absentes, et 73 dents obturees soit un indice CAO de la population examinee egal a 2,52. Conclusion. La sante bucco-dentaire est un defi majeur au Niger. L’accent doit etre mis sur la prevention des maladies non transmissibles dont la frequence reste elevee. ABSTRACTIntroduction. The objective of this study was to contribute to the epidemiological and clinical study of the oral health of the Nigerien population. Patients and method. We conducted a 4-month prospective and descriptive study (November 11, 2016 - March 10, 2017) aimed at analyzing the oral health status of patients hospitalized at the National Hospital of Niamey (HNN). Any patient admitted to the pre-selected NHL wards who consented to the study was included in the study. Not all bedridden and unwilling patients were included in the study. Gender, age, clinical signs were the parameters studied. Results. during this study, 319 patients were collected from the different departments of the NHN. In this study, 181 patients were men (56.70%) and 138 women (43.30%), i.e. an M / F sex ratio of 1.31. The 16 to 29 age group was the most represented (36.99%). The mean age of the patients was 27.3 years with extremes of 2 years and 70 years. 223 patients or 69.9% presented dental plaques, 49 patients or 15.1% developed gingivitis. 201patients (63.6%) had caries lesions. 66 patients (20.68%) had at least one missing tooth due to dental caries. 52 patients (15.72%) had filled teeth. This study made it possible to enumerate 578 decayed teeth, 154 missing teeth, and 73 filled teeth, i.e. a CAO index of the population examined equal to 2.52. Conclusion. Oral health is a major challenge in Niger. Emphasis must be placed on the prevention of non-communicable diseases, which remain high in frequency.