Оптимизация лечебно-диагностического процесса у пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой

PURPOSE: To create an optimal scientifically based system of management of diagnosis and treatment process (diagnosis, follow-up, rational medication treatment, surgical treatment) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: The final protocol of combined analytical research and clinical multicenter study conducted from July to November 2015 included data from 591 patients (824 eyes). Age, disease duration, disease stage, IOP level and visual field parameters during treatment and treatment regimens were analyzed. Regimen included various combinations of medical, laser and surgical treatment used in the disease management. RESULTS: Average patients' age at the time of diagnosis establishment was 64.3 (57.5; 70.4). Mean disease duration was 4.1 years (2.0; 7.1). The administered regimen was considered to be effective when IOP level was below 20 mm Hg. The IOP level between 21 and 25 mm Hg was considered to be a sign of reduced treatment effectiveness and need for change of the regimen. 8 regimen changes were analyzed in total, though 90% of cases had 1-5 regimen changes. The first three regimens were used for 1.2 (0.4; 2.6), 1.3 (0.5; 2.5) and 1.1 years (0.5; 2.4) respectively. B-blockers and prostaglandin analogues monotherapy was used as a first-line therapy in 40.1% and 20.8% of cases respectively. Treatment was started with combination therapy in 27.82% of cases. Proportion of surgical treatment was 9.9% in regimen 2 and achieved 73% in regimen 5. Laser treatment was started from regimen 3 though the frequency of administration did not exceed 20%. Combination treatment using 3 and more components was found starting from regimen 5 (57.3%). CONCLUSION: First line therapy choice is still not rational in many cases. Laser and surgical treatment are used ineffectively after 3-4 years from the diagnosis.