The Influence of Space in Genetic‐Environmental Relationships When Environmental Heterogeneity and Seed Dispersal Occur at Similar Scale

Abstract: We tested the importance of microenvironmental topographic parameters as predictors of emmer wheat genetic variation using three classes of single‐locus (or at most several‐loci) genetic markers (allozymes, glutenins, and qualitative traits) and two classes of markers of polygenic inheritance (phenological and morphological traits). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) detected a significant effect of spatially structured environmental variation on genetic differences between plants for allozymes, glutenins, and quantitative morphological and phenological traits. However, after removing a spatial component of variation in partial CCA and partial RDA, the relationship of the remaining environmental variation with these genetic markers could be explained by chance alone, allowing us to rule out microniche topographic specialization in emmer wheat. Topographic autocorrelation exhibited a certain degree of similarity with genetic marker autocorrelation, indicating si...