IMPORTANCIA ECONOMICA DE LA EFICIENCIA DE PRODUCCION DE BECERROS UTILIZANDO DIVERSAS ALTERNATIVAS DE PRODUCCIÓN Y MANEJO EN EL CENTRO DE SONORA, MEXICO

The study was conducted in Carbo, Sonora, Mexico, in 2017, in order to determine production strategies calves under favorable environments of increase in prices, evaluating: 1) Early weaning (DP), 2) Creep feeding (CF) and 3) Control, and analyze the cost benefit and profit from them. Sixty animals at random from a group of 100 cows five years of age were selected Charbray race. For each treatment, 30 animals, 15 were females offspring and 15 male offspring. The variables evaluated were: (1) Weight at weaning of calves, (2) Weight of cows at weaning, (3) Weight sale of the offspring; (4) Weight and body condition of cows at weaning, pregnancy rate and calving interval, (5) Production Costs of kilos of meat and (6). Projection of profitability in three scenarios in an area with capacity for 100 animals. All variables were analyzed using analysis of variance (P <0.05). Financial runs were performed using computer software for analysis and evaluation Agricultural Investment. The average daily gain of calves was 1.13 and 0.451 kg/animal/day for DP and Witness, respectively treatments. The percentage of cows calving was 95 and 85 and 50, open and the number of days was 90, 165 and 240, for the treatment of DP, CF) and the Control, respectively. The control treatment showed negative balances during the 10-year projection. With the DP the best results, with annual earnings from the third year ranging from $938,976 to $1,114,945 pesos. The DP showed to be a viable option for increasing the productivity and profitability of farms. The results of the financial analysis show that the greatest benefit is achieved with the DP as it enables the production of calves steadily during the 10 years of the project, compared to the control; which presents lag in production.