Transcatheter and Endoscopic Treatment of Gastric and Duodenal Bleeding: Population-Based Analysis of National Inpatient Trends and Outcomes in the United States

Abstract Background Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common cause of hospital admission in the United States and is frequently treated by endoscopy. Recent studies have shown an increasing role for treatment using transcatheter embolization. Methods Data from the national inpatient sample (1993-2015) was used for trend analysis and to compare patient characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes for endoscopic and transcatheter treatments of gastric and duodenal bleeding. Results Despite continues decline in the rate of hospitalization for upper GI bleeding (−43% since 1993, P Discussion Though endoscopy remains the mainstream of treatment of upper GI bleeding, embolization is associated with comparable mortality and length of stay after accounting for disease severity and the need for additional procedures.