A mathematical study of a crop-pest-natural enemy model with Z-type control

Abstract In this paper, we apply the Z-type control method to a crop-pest-natural enemy model. We consider the indirect Z-controller in the natural enemy population and investigate the mathematical properties of the model. Furthermore, our analytical results are also numerically validated. Our paper supports that the pest population can be controlled by using an indirect Z-control mechanism in the natural enemy population. Investigations on the crop-pest-natural enemy model also highlight how the Z-control method acts in respect to different dynamical regimes of the uncontrolled model.