Наследственность и глаукома

Primary glaucoma is a complex disease with multiple molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis. 25 chromosomal loci are identified to be linked to the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), but only 4 of them have the genes which have been determined, and mutations described. These include MYOC/TIGR (GLC1A, 1q24.3-q25.2) coding myocilin, ОРTN (GLC1Е, 10р14-р15) coding optineurin, WDR36 (GLC1G, 5q22.1), and NTF4 (GLC1O, 19q13.33), coding neurotrophin-4. Mutations in these genes account for 2–20 % of POAG cases. The role of genetic factors has also been described in the development of primary congenital glaucoma, pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, and primary angle closure glaucoma.