Use of the endoscope in bisagittal split osteotomy.

o a echniques in orthognathic surgery have been perected over the years and are well-described in the iterature. In 1957, Trauner and Obwegeser were the rst to popularize the intraoral bisagittal split ramus steotomy as a means of correcting dentofacial deforities involving the mandible. Since then, this imortant surgical procedure has undergone a few modfications including Dal Pont (1961), Hunsuck 1968), and Epker (1977). Besides the advent and se of rigid internal fixation, it has been roughly 30 ears since anybody has attempted to further perfect his highly effective procedure. Endoscopic surgery, like orthognathic surgery, has vast history in its usage. Endoscopy for general urgery procedures dates back to the early 1800s hen the first surgical endoscopes were invented. ynecologists began carrying out surgical endoscoies in the 1960s and the surgery world was overaken in the late 1980s with minimally invasive enoscopic general surgery procedures such as the opular laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Over the ears, surgical endoscopies have found their use in pecialties such as: otolaryngology, neurosurgery, lastic surgery, and oral and maxillofacial surgery. For ur specialty, the history dates back to Ohnishi et al ho, in 1975, described arthroscopic temporomanibular joint surgery using the same endoscopic techology. Despite the flourishing practice of arthrocopic temporomandibular joint surgery, the use of ndoscopic techniques in oral and maxillofacial surery is still growing. There have been reports for its se in the following: sialoendoscopy, visualization of he ramus/condyle unit, vertical ramus osteotomies, nd forehead/brow lifts. Using these endoscopic tech-