La lectura en los actuales contextos de educación social: Claves desde la formación literaria

espanolLas nuevas practicas lectoras y culturales han dejado obsoletas las academicas: los retos de la educacion social son, por tanto, multiples y el mas decisivo responde al mantenimiento de la cultura letrada clasica. La lectura, caracterizada actualmente por la hibridacion de tradiciones, generos y temas, necesita desarrollar una educacion literaria social que ensene claves intertextuales e intermodales para formar lectores expertos. Ahora bien, el mercado busca consumidores en esta diversidad social, los trata globalmente y crea productos de consumo en los que el canon de lecturas se asimila a una lista de ventas (superheroes, lanzamientos de sagas o series televisivas, entre otros), que es considerada “modelo de prestigio” y, como tal, engullida en este festin de omnivorismo cultural. Y es que estas adhesiones forman parte de un engranaje de marketing que anula cualquier posibilidad de interpretacion. En este contexto, el formador debe hallar una formula que concilie una cultura inclusiva y una cultura de “calidad” con el fin de desarrollar el juicio critico. Para la educacion social la mejor manera de preservar el legado literario es instrumentar una competencia cultural que sepa valorar los grandes exitos y las consagraciones como lo que son, esto es, productos de la mercadotecnia global. Lo relevante de la lectura es su poder de desarrollo personal y social. Una adecuada y necesaria instruccion –la educacion social– permitira formar ciudadanos criticos capaces de interpretar y, por ende, discernir. EnglishNew reading and cultural practices have rendered traditional academic practices obsolete: thus, the challenges in social education are manifold, being the most decisive the one concerning the maintenance of classic literate culture. Reading, which is currently characterized by the hybridization of traditions, genres and topics, needs to develop a social literary education which can teach intertextuality and intermodality keys in order to train expert readers. That said, in this social diversity the market looks for consumers and treats them globally, creating products led by a catalogue of readings that reminds to a sales list (superheroes, launchings of sagas or television series, among others), considered a reputable model and devoured in this feast of omnivore culture. In fact, it all belongs to the gear assembly that is marketing, and wipes out any chance for interpretation. In this context, the educator should find a formula which can find a balance between inclusive culture and quality culture in order to develop critical judgment. Regarding social education, the best way to preserve literary heritage is to set out a cultural competence which can appraise greatest hits and new recognitions as what they actually are: global marketing products. The relevant aspect of reading is its power for personal and social development. A proper and needed training –social education– will enable the formation of critical citizens, capable of interpreting and, by extension, discerning