Randomized, Controlled, Single-Masked, Clinical Study to Compare and Evaluate the Efficacy of Microspheres and Gel in Periodontal Pocket Therapy

Background: The aim of this randomized, split-mouth, single-masked study is to compare the efficacy of a gel and microspheres as drug-delivery systems in the treatment of periodontal disease.Methods: Microspheres were prepared, the release patterns of the microspheres and gel formulations were analyzed using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and particle shapes were studied under a scanning electron microscope. A split-mouth design was followed in which 30 potential sites were identified and divided into three groups: one control group and two groups in which microspheres or a gel was placed. Patients were recalled at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. Clinical recordings included plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and relative attachment level (RAL) measurements; subgingival plaque was also obtained for microbiologic examination prior to and after therapy.Results: Microspheres had a more sustained release and a high initial drug concentration. There was a significant improvement in the PI an...