Распространенность и факторы риска заболеваний желчевыводящих путей у коренных жителей Тывы

The clinical epidemiological examination of native inhabitants of the Republic of Tuva aged 16 years and older was carried out. The purpose of study was to examine characteristics of prevalence and risk factors of biliary pathology using transversal technique. The clinical examination and ultra-sound scanning of abdominal organs was applied with detection of motor function of gallbladder was implemented. The 50% sampling included 572 Tuvinians (202 males and 370 females). The gastroenterology screening was attended by filling of standard questionnaire to analyze complains, anamnesis, social status, objective state of patient with calculation of Quetelet index to evaluate surplus body mass. The prevalence of cholelithiasis in rural inhabitants of Tuva made up to 7.3% (9.6% in females and 2.9% in males) and chronic acalculous cholecystitis made up to 8.8% (12.1% in females and 5.0% in males). In males prevailed hyper-motor condition of motion activity of gallbladder 80.5% agaunst 57.1% in females. On the contrary, hypo-motor dyskinesia of bile-excreting tracts more often occurred in Tuvian females (20.8%) as compared with males (13.9%). The prevalence of hypo-motor dyskinesia, acalculous cholecystitis and cholelithiasis sequentially increased with aging. The ratio of this indicator in groups of patients aged 20-29years and 60 years and older consisted 1:9, 1:6 and 0:18 correspondingly. The rate of acalculous cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in Tuvians with obesity was 7 and 8.1 times higher than in persons with normal body mass. The study established that in native inhabitants of Tuva risk factors for cholelithiasis were female gender, age older than 30 years and obesity.