Impact of intraoperative behavior on surgical site infections

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify intraoperative risk factors for surgical site infections (SSIs), which are accessible to interventions. We evaluated the effect of extensive intraoperative antiseptic measures and the impact of the behavior of members of the surgical team on SSIs. METHODS: Standard versus extensive antiseptic measures were randomly assigned in 1,032 surgical patients. The adherence to principles of asepsis by members of the surgical team was assessed prospectively. RESULTS: The rate of SSI was 14% with standard antiseptic measures and 15% with extensive measures (P .581). Multivariate analysis identified following independent risk factors: lapses in discipline (odds ratio [OR] 2.02, confidence interval [CI] 1.05‐3.88), intestinal anastomosis (OR 6.74, CI 3.42‐13.30), duration of operation more than 3 hours (OR 3.34, CI 1.82‐6.14), and body mass index 30 kg/m 2 (OR 1.98, CI 1.22‐3.20). CONCLUSION: Extensive measures of antisepsis did not reduce the incidence of SSI. A lapse to adhere to principles of asepsis was identified as an independent risk factor for the development of SSI (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00555815).