Picosecond soft X-ray absorption measurement of the photo-inducedinsulator-to-metal transition in VO2.

We directly measure the photoinduced insulator-to-metal transition in VO2 using time-resolved near-edge x-ray absorption. Picosecond pulses of synchrotron radiation are used to detect the redshift in the vanadium L3edge at 516 eV, which is associated with the transient collapse of the low-temperature band gap. We identify a two-component temporal response, corresponding to an ultrafast transformation over a 50 nm surface layer, followed by 40 m/s thermal growth of the metallic phase into the bulk.