Dynamic load frequency control for high-penetration wind power considering wind turbine fatigue load

Abstract The frequency stability of power systems can be improved by the participation of high-penetration wind power in grid frequency regulation. However, the wind turbine (WT) fatigue load will be increased after the wind power participates in the load frequency control (LFC). This paper proposes a control method that takes into account the WT fatigue load and the frequency response of the power system. First, wind turbines are added to the two-areas LFC model including thermal power and hydropower models to participate in frequency regulation. And considering the fatigue load experienced by the tower bending moment and the low-speed shaft torque of the WT, a WT model capable of reflecting the main dynamics is established. Then, the model identification adaptive Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID) controller is designed to be applied to LFC of wind power participating in the grid considering both frequency response and fatigue load. In order to achieve better control effects, the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is used to optimize the PID parameters based on multi-cost functions. The controller parameters are optimized by considering both the fatigue load and frequency deviation. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the controller is applied to the established model and the simulation results are compared.