Lesch-Nyhan syndrome due to a splice-site mutation in a 14-month-old boy presenting as acute renal failure.

Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is a rare X-linked recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in HPRT1 gene resulting in deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). LND is characterized by hyperuricemia and a spectrum of neurological and behavioral manifestations. We describe a rare case of a 14-month-old boy presenting with acute renal failure and hyperuricemia. The patient exhibited all features of LNS apart from self-injurious behavior. The enzymatic analysis demonstrated total inactivity of the HPRT, and the molecular analysis revealed a splice-site mutation in intron 3 leading to exon 4 exclusion. This splice-site mutation has been previously reported only twice.